ʻO kaʻenehana hoʻokaʻawale membrane Ultra-filtration kahiʻenehana hoʻokaʻawale kiʻekiʻe i kūkuluʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei; e pili ana i ka nui o ka molekala a i ʻole ka nui, he ʻenehana kānana cross-flow me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaomi e like me ka ikaika e hoʻomau i ka holo ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana.