1. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai ʻoluʻolu;
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wai ʻōpala organik kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka wehe ʻana i nā mea ʻala, polycyclic, heterocyclic pūhui a me nā mea haumia i loaʻa; Wehe i nā mea ʻino e like me
fluorine, phosphorus, arsenic a me ka mercury mai ka wai;
2. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā mea uila kiʻekiʻe;
E like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kinoea chlorosilane, boron a me ka phosphorus wehe;